What is Base64 Encoding?
Base64 encoding is a method of converting binary data into an ASCII string format using a specific 64-character set. It is commonly used for encoding binary data in text-based formats like JSON, XML, and email attachments.
How Base64 Works
Base64 encodes data by dividing it into groups of three bytes, converting each group into four 6-bit values, and mapping them to a set of 64 printable ASCII characters. Padding is added if necessary.
Why Use Base64?
Base64 is widely used for:
- Encoding binary data in JSON and XML.
- Embedding images and files in HTML and CSS.
- Encoding authentication tokens (e.g., Basic Authentication in HTTP).
Limitations of Base64
While Base64 encoding is useful, it increases data size by approximately 33%, making it less efficient for large files. It is not encryption and should not be used for securing sensitive data.