What is HMAC?
HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) is a mechanism used to ensure the integrity and authenticity of a message. It combines a cryptographic hash function (such as SHA-256) with a secret key to produce a secure authentication code.
How HMAC Works
HMAC uses a secret key and a hash function to generate a unique authentication code. The process involves:
- Taking an input message and a secret key.
- Applying the cryptographic hash function to produce a fixed-length output.
- Using the result to verify the integrity and authenticity of the message.
Why Use HMAC?
HMAC is widely used in security applications, including:
- API authentication (e.g., AWS Signature, OAuth).
- Data integrity verification in network communications.
- Cryptographic protocols like TLS and IPSec.
By combining a secret key with a hash function, HMAC provides strong security against tampering and ensures message authenticity.